Double-acting internal-combustion engine



- 1623,416 Apnl 5, 1927. M G- KOURY DOUBLE ACTING INTERNAQCOMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Nov. 6, '1925 Waxy I Patented Apr. 5, 1927.

4 UNITED STA M cnAnL e. 'KOURY, on'cA no, ILLINOIS.

DOUBLE-ACTING INTERNAL-COMBUSTION- Ehl'GINE.

Application filed Novmber c; 1925. Serial m). 67,319.

This invention relates to improvements in I double acting internal combustion engines and particularly to an engine of this character employing a single piston construction 5 and a rotary valve mechanism.

An object of the invention resides in providing a double acting internal combustion engine having a special" piston construction and a rotary valve mechanism for controlling the inlet and the exhaust to the bpposite ends of the, cylinder acting on said piston structure in order to produce four cycle engine ofvsimple'construction and embodying relatively few constructional parts, at

the'same time showing eflicient operation.

' A further object of the invention resides in providing a double acting internal combustion engine having a crank case'structilre formedwith a guide for the cross'head and also provided with ahead construction for one end of the cylinder against which the cylinder body is mountedto be assembled together with the head structure for the opposite end of the body, which part-is secured in assembled relation by single assembling means.

.The invention comprehends numerous other objects and. improvements in the details of construction and arrangement of parts which are more particularly pointed out in the following detailed description and in th claims directed to a preferred form of, the invention, it being understood,however,

' that various changes may be made in the size, shape, arrangement and assembly of the parts-which are entirely Within the scope of the invention as herein set forth.

In the drawing formingpart of thisap- :plication- 1 Y 40- Figure 1 is a vertical transverse sectional view through the improved internal co 1I1-' "bustion engine structure, show ng one cylinder construction in the valve structureassociatedtherewith. I

Fig. 2 is .an-enlarged detail View of the piston structure having portions shown in section. h

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view through the piston rods and the pressure feed outlet for feeding oil to the hollow piston rods for supply to the piston struc- 'ture. a

Fig. 4 is a. vertical sectional View through therotary valve body shdwing the detailed construction thereof.

A. crank case structure is indicated at'l which forms a main supporting body for the engine and'is adapted on a suitable supo port in any Well known and desired manner and on the bottom of which is secured the cover or oil pan 2 for entirely closing and housing the .parts of'theengine mounted within the crank case structure. The upper end of this crank case structure is formed with a head portion 3 spaced for receiving the-cylinder block 4 which is spaced at the v opposite end for receiving the head structure 5.. These elements are adapted to be assembled in the manner shown in Fig. 1, and secured in the amemble'd relation by the for theengi-ne structure so that the cylinder blocks 4, the head 5, and the crank case structure lare secured in assembled relation by these bolts 6 durin the normal operation of the engine. The cylinder block 4 is formed with a cylinder '7 extending entirely throu h the block and opening at both ends lfiI'GOf around which is the cooling jacket 8 fora suitable cooling medium such as Water or the like. This cylinder 7 is formed in one side of the block, while on the opposite 'side of the block is formed a cylindricaljbore-at 9 providinga valveliousing for-the rotary valveposite-ends of the cylinder blocks establis ing comn'iunication between the cylindrical bore and the cylinder 7, whilethe outer wall of the valve housingis provided with an exhaust passage 12 a'ndinlet passages 13 over The rotary valve 10 is of cylindrical form and is provided with a pair-of exhaust passages 14 extending diagonally through the body of the valve for establishin communication alternately between thecy inder 7 and structure 10. Ports 11 are formed in the o which is mounted a suitable inletand ex- ,haust manifold not shown in the drawing.

the exhaust outlet 12 through the ports 11 at the opposite ends thereof..

These exhaust passages of the rotary valve structure are arranged 'at substantially right. angles with respect to one another while in angular relation with,thesel exhaust passages, are arranged other passagesJindicated at 15 which are also in.-angular.rela-- tion with one another for establishing com and the ports 11 for controlling the inlet of the gaseous mixture to the cylinder 7.

'munication between the inlet openings 13 70 bolts 6 forming the main assemhling means f This rotary valve is provided with a reduced cylindrical extension 16 at the upper endmounted in the bearing structure 17, carried by the cylinder head 5 and providing a bearing for the upper endof the cylin-' drical body. A coolingjacket 18 is formed guides-31 within the crank case structure 1" in the head structure 5 surrounding this bearing structure 17 for preventing the same from becoming overheated. The lower end of the cylindrical-valve stem is formed withashaft extension 19 extending through a cylindrical bore in the crank cas ng structure 1 and the head portion 3 'thereon and is mounted in the bearing 20 in the head portion 3 adjacent. the lower end of the valve body while the-lower end of the shaft is mounted in the bearing structure 21 car ried* by the crank case structure. This provides a uniform bearing structure forthe rotary valve 10 to insure itsefiicient operation at low friction and yet permit the eflicient control of the ports 11 for the intake opposite ends of the cyl-.

and exhaust at the inder 7. i

The lower ends of the shafts. 19 is provided with a'beveled gear 22 intermeshing with the rotary driven valve timing gearing 23. which is driven by the gear- 24 from [the gear 25 on crank shaft 26 of the engine. This valve driving gearing 23 in the form shown in Fig.- 1 of the drawings, may be utilized for drivin' rotary valves for other e linders of a mu ti 1e cylinder engine of t e type shown in. gig. I, the remaining structure of the cylindersbeing the same as that-shown from the single cylinder structure illustrated;

The crank 'shaft'26 is formed with the usual crank 27 with which issecuredthe connecting rod 28'having the opposite end provided with a bearing 29 in the cross head 30. The cross head 30' is provided with and the piston rods 32 has one end'thereof 'removably secured to the cross headn This piston rod extends through the bearings 33 and 34 of similar constructions provided in the head portion 3 and the head structure 5 which bearings are formed-with a plu-- rality of grooves for receiving compression rings adapted to be normally contracted for larged portion 35 is substantially'cylindrical but tapers slightly from the end of the flange 36 toward its threaded end for. receiving the piston 38 provided with a slightradially extendi-n 'ducts 43 communicating with the inner 'oil groove 44 supplied with oil through the ducts 45 in the piston rodfrom the passage 46 extendiiig longitudinallyof the pistonrods as clefarly illustrated in Fig. 1. In the portion. of the piston rod which is normally within the crank case" 1 is formed a seat duct 47 communicating with the oil passage 46 and in one position preferably -at the upper endof the stroke of the piston of this piston rod 32 this feed duct 47 communicates with the oil fee'd heads 48 having a track bearing face 49 riding on the surface of the piston rod 32 so that oil from a suitable source or feed pump may be discharged through the conduits 50 and the head 48 into the oil passage 46 to be fed to the oil groove 42 of the piston and cooperate with the piston rings toform a seal to passed the piston.

I prevent the leakage of gas The head43 is formed at 51 with a threadedopening extending from the edge ortion into the end portion of the .head at t e end of the cylinder 7 and providing a spark plug opening. for the spark plug 52'. The head structure 5 is also formedwith a spark plug opening 53 for receiving the spark plug. 54 adapted to ignite the charge vinthe opposite end of the cylinder 7 from the'spark plug 52. A suitable cover 55 is it applied to the head structure 5 for protect- I 'ing. the ends of the piston rod 32.

The valve structure 23 is constructed to operate the rotary valve body 10 in proper timed relation to produce four. cycle-operationof the engine through the proper con trol of the ignition of gaseous mixture to the opposite sides of the piston 38 for com-' presslon, ignition, expansion and exhaust throu h the well known cycle of operation of a our cycle internal combustion engine. In this waya single cylinder and piston engine construction for internal combustion engines has been impulses are apphed tothe opposite sides of the piston in alternate time relation in order to increase thepower output with a larger number of power impulses andat the same time providing a more continuous and uniform application of power.

A partic sides in .the

1y tapering opening adapted to-fit the por the manner 0 mounting the piston on the provided in which power ar feature of the nvention i'e- 7 lston construction including tribution of the heat in order to prevent thepiston rod and the lubrication of the same as illustrated particularly in Fig. 2 together with the cooperating aring structures 34 and 34 for the piston rods in order to insure a gas-tight joint with the rod at the end of the cylinder. A further features is the inanner of feeding oil'to the passage 46 in the piston rod in the manner as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3 and in addition the particular assembly of the cylinder blocks, crank case structure, and head structure 5 by a single assembling means.

, A'further feature of the invention resides in the assembly of the head structures with the cylinder blocks and in the crank case and the relation of the rotary valve structure therewith in providing a simple and eflicient ,mounting for this rotary valve in a manner to permit the easy assembly or disassembly thereof from the engine.

The rotary valve member 10 is of hollow construction as illustrated in Fig. 4 of the drawings, from which it willbe noted that the heat of the combustion ases will be distributed over the surface 0 the hollow cylinder forming the body of the valve and to the intake passages through the valve that the gases entering the combustion chamber and increasing the efliciency of the engine. In addition, some of the heat is distributed to the surrounding part of the cylinder block which is water cooled, so that it will be readily understood that this valve mechanism is maintained at a cool condition at all times and even expansion through the equal disdifiiculties in the practical operation of the engine from this cause.

The rotary valve structure which is shown in a substantially vertical position, it is to be understood, may be used ID a horizontal position in a vertical engine as well as in a horizontal position in a horizontal engine with equal facility and advantages as above set forth for the structure shown in the 'drawing'where the valveis shown substan tially vertical and used with] a vertical cylinder.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new is:

1. A double acting four. cycle internal combustion. engine, comprising a cylinder body formed with a cylinder opening through opposite ends of said body, and a cylindrical opening formed in spaced parallel relation to the cylinder, cylinder heads removably lindrical opening in the cylinder body, bearings for said valve mounted in the cylinder heads, and means operable by the engine I for rotating said cylindrical valves in a p'redetermined timed relation for controlling ports formed in the cylinder body communieating with the opposite end of the cylinder therein in a predetermined manner.

2. In combination, a cylinder block formed with a cylinder opening through opposite ends thereof and a cylindrical opening parallel to said cylinder, said cylinder block being formed with passages at opposite ends communicating with the cylinder and the cylindrical opening, said cylinder block having one wall thereof formed with a single exhaustopening and a pair of' intake openings in alined relation communicating with the cylindrical opening al ,diainetrically op posite points with respect tothe passages, and a cylindrical valve member rotatable in said cylindrical opening and formed with two pairs of passages arranged in substan tially right angular relation and extend angularly thru said valve body for alter nately providing communimition between one of said intake openings and the exhaust opening with opposite end of said cylinder,

through the passages formed in said cylinder block. v

In testimony whereof I allix my signature.

MICHAEL e. KOURY. 

